Exercises
気分・調子・体調・具合
10 questions on the differences in meaning, usage, and perspective among 気分, 調子, 体調, and 具合.
Question 1 of 10
気分・調子・体調・具合
Which description best captures the fundamental distinction among these four terms?
The distinction is not simply about what is being described, but about the perspective from which it is viewed. 気分 focuses on subjective experience, 体調 on the body's overall physical condition, 調子 on how someone or something is functioning or performing, and 具合 on the concrete state or resulting condition of something.
Question 2 of 10
バスに酔って＿＿が悪くなった。
Which term is particularly natural if the speaker wants to emphasize the nausea and physical discomfort they are experiencing?
気分 can describe not only mood but also subjective physical sensations. With nausea, dizziness, or sudden discomfort, 気分が悪い foregrounds what the person is actually feeling.
Question 3 of 10
A soccer player has no particular health problem, but today he is making far more mistakes than usual and is clearly off his game.
Which term most naturally describes this situation?
調子 concerns functioning, progress, or performance relative to one's usual state. Someone can therefore be 調子が悪い without being ill: they may simply be tired, unfocused, out of form, or performing below their usual level.
Question 4 of 10
膝の＿＿がよくない。
If the speaker wants to focus on the concrete condition of the knee itself, which term best matches the perspective described in the article?
具合 can refer to the concrete condition of a specific body part. The focus here is not on the person's overall subjective feeling or on the body's general physical condition, but on the state of the knee itself.
Question 5 of 10
機械の調子 ／ 機械の具合
Which statement best captures the difference between the two terms when talking about a machine?
Both 調子 and 具合 can be used for machines and devices. The tendency described in the article is that 調子 more readily evokes functioning or how something is running, whereas 具合 draws more attention to its resulting or concrete state. The distinction is not absolute.
Question 6 of 10
焼け具合を見てください。
Why is 具合 particularly appropriate in this expression?
One characteristic use of 具合 is to indicate how something has turned out or the degree or extent of a resulting condition. This is why expressions such as 焼け具合 and 出来具合 are natural.
Question 7 of 10
「明日会える？」「ごめん、明日はちょっと具合が悪いんだ……」
In the context discussed in the article, what can 具合が悪い mean here?
具合 can also refer to circumstances or convenience, with a meaning similar to 都合. In this use, 具合が悪い does not necessarily concern health; it can mean that the timing or circumstances are inconvenient.
Question 8 of 10
お体の具合はいかがですか？ ／ ご気分はいかがですか？
Which interpretation best captures the distinction suggested in the article?
お体の具合はいかがですか？ asks about the person's physical condition. ご気分はいかがですか？ can be used by a doctor or nurse to ask how a patient feels, foregrounding the person's subjective experience.
Question 9 of 10
体調が悪い ／ 具合が悪い ／ 調子が悪い ／ 気分が悪い
Which statement is the most accurate?
The same situation can be framed using more than one of these terms. What changes is the perspective. Nausea, for example, can be presented as a subjective sensation with 気分が悪い or as part of one's overall physical condition with 体調が悪い.
Question 10 of 10
胃の＿＿が悪い。
Which pair of terms can naturally be used to talk about the condition or functioning of the stomach, according to the article?
With a specific body part, expressions such as 胃の調子が悪い and 胃の具合が悪い are natural. 気分 refers instead to the person's overall subjective feeling, while 体調 normally describes the condition of the body as a whole rather than a single organ.
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